Bladder cancer (BC) as the most common malignancy arising from the urinary tract continues to be a major health problem. This prospective non-randomized study will enroll 300 patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at different stages of their diagnostic and therapeutical process. The enrolled patients with suspected BC (BC) based on cystoscopy will have their initial MRI examination before transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) and biomarker collection. After pathology review of the histological specimens, patients will be treated according to standard clinical practice. The second MRI examination will be performed before therapeutic intervention, if TUR-BT alone is not sufficient enough.. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy will be applied in high risk patients having muscle invasison, while intermediate risk patient – T1 high grade or carcinoma in situ patients - will be treated using Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instilliations. After the completion of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy or BCG treatment, the patients will undergo the third MRI examination. Low risk patients will be followed by annual with MRI examination.

The aim the study is to determine the applicability of MRI and selected biomarkers for staging and therapy response monitoring of BC. In optimal case we can select patients who don`t need invasive cystoscopy as a monitoring method and can be followed by MRI-investigation only.